Persons born in the territory of the Republic are natural Paraguayans, subject to the constitutional exception for children of persons in the service of a foreign government.
Children of a Paraguayan mother or father born abroad are natural Paraguayans when they settle permanently in the Republic, or when a parent was in the service of the Republic at the time of birth abroad.
Foreign adults may seek Paraguayan nationality by naturalization after a constitutional minimum of three years of residence in the national territory, majority, good conduct, and exercise of a profession, trade, science, art or industry, or ownership of property in the country, subject to the statutory process.
Paraguay Investor Pass — direct permanent residence
Permanent residence without a prior temporary permit for investors who obtain the Constancia de Inversionista Extranjero, verified through the SUACE business one-stop window.
Permanent residence by change of category (economic solvency)
Permanent residence is reached by changing category from temporary residence, not applied for directly. Ley 6984/2022 art. 47 grants it "luego de haber cumplido el plazo de Residencia Temporal" (after having completed the term of Temporary Residence). This is the stage the economic-solvency regime attaches to: Res. DNM 407/2026 applies solvency "exclusivamente a las solicitudes de residencia permanente". The permanent carnet is definitive and renewed every ten years, and permanent residents may vote in municipal elections under art. 15. Two routes reach permanent residence without the temporary step: SUACE-verified investors under art. 46, and the spouse, children and under-18 grandchildren of a repatriated national under art. 48.
Temporary residence (Ley 6984/2022, the ordinary entry step)
Temporary residence is the ordinary first step for a non-Mercosur, non-investor applicant, and is a statutory prerequisite to permanent residence. Ley 6984/2022 art. 46: "Será otorgada por un plazo de hasta 2 (dos) años, prorrogables por igual período y será requisito previo al otorgamiento de la Residencia Permanente" (granted for up to two years, renewable for an equal period, and a prior requirement for the grant of Permanent Residence). Art. 50 lists the documentary requirements and does NOT include any means or solvency test, so there is no economic threshold on the entry step. Temporary residence already carries access to the Cédula de Identidad Paraguaya for the same period as the permit. Note that the separate 90-day "residencia espontánea u ocasional" is expressly not a step on this ladder: art. 45 provides that it "no será requisito previo para la Residencia Temporal".
Exchange normally requires residence in the destination and replaces the original licence. The official authority still decides validity, deadlines, classes, and any extra checks.